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Combating heat stress through urban planning: Integrated case studies for Lisbon and Islamabad

Peer-reviewed Papers

April 2026

New peer-reviewed study examines the effectiveness of nature-based adaptation solutions to combat heat stress and high temperatures in Lisbon and Islamabad. Local stakeholders were involved in the design of the urban nature-based solutions, which were found to offer localised respite from heat stress by up to 40% during the day, mainly by providing shading from direct sunlight and by reducing land surface temperatures.